Rotatable window structure



Jlully l0, 1951 R H, SMITH 2,560,196

ROTTABLE WINDOW STRUCTURE l Filed Oct. l, 1.946 5 Sheets-Sheet l ,f I ,ff I 5 v l Y la July l0, 1951 R. H. SMITH ROTATABLE WINDOW STRUCTUREv 5Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. l, 1946 TTD/QNEV July l0, 1951 R. H. SMITH2,560,195

g ROTATABLE WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Oct. l, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet 5Patented .uly 10, 1951 l-UNITED .smlr #s "'RO'IATAB'ILE WINDOW STRUCTUREv'Regenald H.- Smith, St. Albans, N. Y.

"Application October 1, 1946,` Serial N0. 700,394

` fglassl'andiherel alsoll ity is. usually necessary for .the l gworkertofOperate from. theloutside. .-Whetherga .ladder isused or .whether .aSafety belt Ais .emrployedby thelworkenthe .cleaning .of the outside ofthe window introduceslan elementof diiculty .fand danger. .EIAsimilansituationapplies where it* .is desired tointroduce:'screens for.Ythe windowor 'stormzsashfat appropriaterseasons of;the;year.

.Tha present 'invention is .intendedand adapted toovercome..theiZdiitlc'ulties and disadva'ntagesfinntherentinprioIestrncinines of .the ,type: described,=`..it

fallow raccessifor4 bringing into fthe structure orfvremovingztherefrom, Tbul-ky articles 7suchfzas pianos, l:turnii'nire,`andfthe. like.

.zIt'jis f'further among :the aobjiects. .of .the :present rinventionztoprovide. a window structure wherein :storm-sash and/or vscreens .,may,.be readily in .troduced -orl removed.

LiIt isstill further among theobjectsof the .pres- 7entz'invention toprovidea window. structure Whereinzon'e -orzmorenpanesvof I:glassfmayzbe.re- :movedxrom thewsash forfreplacementfpurposes .-from the 'inside.of1the:structure.

Otherfobjects of. a the' :invention f will. appear.: in fthe followingspecica-tion,;among:whichare re1- .ative `rs'nnplicityz.tOiiStriicture,zfease.; -.of.. ioperaticn :andfxadaptability to f lquantity; productionwith -reproofing materials.

In practicing the present. invention, `thereis provided 1 thelfnsual.opening 'swhich i constitutes. vva .fframexedsinsthe building structure.i Mounted :intheiopening is Eafeasing with .means formount- A2ing-thewindow sash therein. AThercasingis in two parts-which meet along.diagonal lines,one ofs`aidf.pa1tsbeing :fixed in the vframe and the`otherpart being hinged thereto. `.The-sash is mountedonthe hinged partand meansV are provided. for'locking the casing in fixed or operativeposition. By this arrangement, the entire win- .dow as a single unit maybe swungY inwardly to providea free opening lwhich is substantiallyfthesizeofithewindowgrame. With such a large opening, it is a simple matterto introduceinto fthe structure or remove therefromfbulky furniture;machines and manufacturedgoods.

Preferably the window sash is not mountedtdi- `rectlyinthe casing: butthere isprovided a'sash 'fransen/hielo has -pivot members on the `,topand bottom, said pivots being held in bearing-mem- V:bers formedwin thecorresponding parts ofrfthe casing. YThe lateral edges of the ysashframe, are flattened and-bevelled so as to allow rotation -ithereof withrespect to the casing.. withoutinterference andyet allowing relativelyclose fithetweenthe casing 7and sash frame. Felt or similar members areprovided at the meeting edgesf casing. and sash frame `so as to providea weather- -proof` iointvwithout interfering with the rotationalv.movements of thevsash frame.

Within the-sash frame is a plurality of windows vseparate therefrom.Each window Kconsists of a pane offglass or other transparent material`surrounded by a rim or border of a suitable configuration .in orderthat-the same may lock intojthe .sash frame. Such locking arrangementisso constructed that after the window is tted into-,the sash, aweather-proof joint is obtained. There is further providedin the sashframe a plurality of sashes usually in two sets. Therst set-con- Lsistsof an upper andaI lower sash fitting into :grooves in the sash frame andlcapable of vertical movement therein. The second set is similarlymounted inaaposition parallel to thelrstfset. 'The-windows are removablyheld in therespeetive .sashes y.

By such an arrangement, many advantagesgare obtained in that'lw-hen itis desired to clean avvin- -d0w, it is merely necessary to rotate thelSlash frameruntil the loutside -off the glass; is accessible from theinside thus..the operation of cleaning becomes a very simple matter.Alsimilarzsitua- -tion applies when fit -is necessarybr desirablaito'introduce Astorm windows or screens. The )inner lset of window sashesis raised or lowered soasto give access to the outer set. Then byasimple unlatched operation, the 'outer window is removed .andreplacedbya :screen'or vice versa. Whenfit 3 is desired to repair any of thewindow panes, it is merely necessary to unlatch the same and to replaceit. All of this work may be accomplished from the inside of thestructure.

The arrangement contemplates a window con' struction which may beproduced of any suitable construction materials including metal. It isquite simple to include or otherwise form each of the parts of thearrangement from light metals, plastics or the like, and then assemblethe several elements. This greatly reduces the cost of production, makesfor greater beauty, more permanence and ease vof maintenance.

In the accompanying drawings constituting a part hereof, and in whichlike reference characters indicate like parts,

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a window structure made inaccordance with the present invention, the View being taken from theinside of the structure;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevational view of the structure shown in Fig. 1,showing the outside of the window land illustrating screens in placethereon;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view ofthe casing constituting an essential partof the structure, said casing being shown separate from the remainder ofthe window Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the sash frame which normallyfits into the casing of Fig. V3, said sash frame being also showndetached from the other elements of the structure;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the sash frames, illustrating thelocking of the window therein;

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the central portion ofthe new window structure and taken along the line 6--6 of Fig. l; Fig. 7is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the line 'I-I of Fig. 1and showing the Window in its normal operative position;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7, showing the sash frame rotated intothe position 90 to the plane of the window to give access to the outsidethereof;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7, some parts being broken away forclearness and showing the manner in which the casing may be rotated toexpose the full opening of the window;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary perspective View of one of the window sashes,illustrating the manner in which it is locked into the sash frame;

Fig. l1 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view in substantially enlargedform, being a cross-section taken along the line I I-II of Fig. 8;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 but is taken along the line I2-I2of Fig. 9;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary7 perspective view of a sash and Window, showingthe manner in which the two are interlocked to form a weather-proofjoint;

Fig. 14 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view taken through thelower edge of a sash and showing the locking arrangement whereby thewindow is held in the sash, and

Fig. 15 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view showing aguiding device for insuring that the two parts of the casing assume theproper position when locked together.

With reference to the drawings, there is provided an opening orwindowyframe I which constitutes the frame into which the new windowstructure is mounted. There is provided a casing consisting of two parts2 and 3 which are complementary and which fit together to form arectangular casing.

This is fitted into frame I.

Within said casing is a sash frame 4 which is rectangular and whichi'lts into the opening of the casing. At least one pair of sashes 5carrying windows 6 are mounted in sash frame 4.

Referring particularly to Fig. 3, the casing has side members 'I and 8in vertical land parallel relation to upper members 9 and 9',respectively. Lower members I0 and I0', respectively, complete thestructure of the casing. A hinge II is provided along the front ofmember I and screws I2 hold the same with relation to frame I. Screws I3are provided in elements 9 and I0 to fix the right hand sectionpermanently into frame I. An opening I5 is provided into which a pin orother latching device I6 may be introduced. The left hand part of saidcasing is free to pivot on hinge II, whereby elements 1, 9 and IGcarrying parts described below, may be swung inwardly to free theopening in frame I.

In the upper face of member I0 is a circular depression I'I constitutinga bearing. In the upper face of member 9 there is a similar recess I8and an opening I9 centrally thereof extends through member 9. Members 9and I0 meet members 9' and IIJ', respectively, along a broken, splitline, consisting of a diagonal line 20 at a proper angle to the plane ofthe window and a second line 2I at an angle to line 20. A recess 22 atthe junction of lines 20 and 2I carries a latch 23 held by screw 24 inframe I to allow the same to be rotated. Extensions 25 are providedthereon to provide means for grasping the same with the fingers forrotation of latch 23. When the latch is in the position shown in Figs. 8and 11, it prevents movement of one part of the casing relative to theother. When the latch is in the position shown in Figs. 9 and 12, theleft hand side of the casing is free and it may be swung into positionsas shown in Fig. 9.

With particular reference to Fig. 4, the sash frame 4 consists ofVertical members 26 and 21, the outer sides of which are fiat and thefront and rear edges of which are beveled to provide nat portions 28.The bottom 29 and top 3U of the sash frame have their outer surfacesflat so as to t closely to the inner surfaces of the correspondingmembers of casing 2 and 3. The top of member 30 is provided with a stub.shaft 3I having a boss or bearing 32 fixed to the top thereof. Said stub3I is adapted to fit into opening I9 and boss 32 is adapted to rest uponrecess I8. The lower face of member 29 is `provided with a projection33, as shown in Fig. 6, fitting into recess I'I. Thus elements 32 and 33constitute a pivot about which sash frame 4 may be rotated. Strips 34and 35 of felt or other weather-proof material is cemented or otherwisesecured to the inner faces 36 of members 'I and 8. Edge surfaces 28 ofsash frame 4 are adapted to contact with said strips when the sash frameis in closed or operative position. Faces 36 are curved, the curvaturebeing with the axis of frame 4 as a center to prevent interference withthe movement of said frame.

At line 20 in member 9, there is provided a pin 3'I which extends intoan opening 38' in member 9. This constitutes a guide so that as thecasing is swung into closed position, the several parts thereof willproperly fit together. This insures proper locking of the casing inposition. Sets of grooves 39 and 40'are provided in sash frame 4 for thereception of window sashes. An opening 49 in alignment with opening I5passes through bottom member 29. Pin I6 shown in Fig. 6 is adapted topass through fopemngsfM and"l'5 to lock` frame `24 in position. Each' of`thev windows '6- is provided withl ai glass y`-pane42 held inplacel'byfputty 43'or"the like.

of Window 6 is adapted to"ltinto groove49 in sash frameS.

A latch is mounted inthe bottom of window 6 f consisting of a bar 50having a pivot 5I integral therewith, 'thelatter `tting into window 6.Bar 50 lcarries a short `iat handle`52. A circular openng'EB is"provided inisash 5, saidopening cutting through' the front of saidsash. A recess 54 in the `front Aof sash 5 communicates withopeningf`53. `When window 6 is placedfin position, rib or tongue 43 isfirst moved into .position in'gro'oveV 49 and the window is then swungabout sad'tongue, causing bar'50 to pass into opening' 53. Then handle52 is moved to the left intoaclosed 'posi-tioniasf shown at 55' in Fig.14.

A` guard 56 is provided' along the upper edge .of sash 'rame4, 'beingsecured thereto" at the outside of sai'd frame and extending downwardlyto cover the upper part of sash frame 5 as shown in Fig. 2, thusprotecting the upper end against the entrance of rain, snow or the like.Along the bottom of sash frame 4 is a guard 51 having an inwardly turnedportion 58 bearing against the lower edge of sash frame 5. Thiscompletes the protection against entrance of water.

Although the invention has been described setting forth a singlespecific embodiment thereof, the invention is not limited to theexact'details of construction as many changes in the details may be madeWithin the spirit of the invention. For instance, the pivoting of sashframe 4 need not be in a vertical axis but the axis may be in otherpositions such as horizontal. In Fig. 6 there has been shown a pair ofwindows 6 on the inside of the structure and a pair of screens on theoutside. There may be more than one pane of glass in each window andscreens may be omitted and replaced by window glass, or only one of thesets of sashes may be used at any one time. It is not necessary that allof the elements of the invention be incorporated in a single windowstructure as some of the elements may be used independently of others,as for example, sash frame 4 may be made rotatable as shown, butrthecasing may have the hinge omitted or the reverse structure may beutilized. The various means for xing the several elements relative toother elements do not constitute an essential part vof the invention asequivalent means are well known and may be used in place thereof.Several latching arrangements may be replaced by others suitable for thepurpose.

In place of felt strips 34 and 35, other weather proofing material maybe used, such as vulcanized soft or hard rubber, spring metal, or thelike. Said strips are shown attached to members 1 and 8, but one or bothstrips of each pair may be attached to surfaces 28; or a different typeof Weatherproong may be resorted to. For ventilation purposes, one ofthe windows of each pair, such as the upper inner and the lower outvthetop and bottom offsaid casing -f'beingff 7% er window, or vice versa,vmay be 'repl'acedfby screens; thereby, when all-` the Window-sashes arelocked ventilation is obtained, which 1is-" a considerable advantage asduring rainestorins or vwhen the occupants are temporarilyfaway,adequate circulation of air is obtainable. Also, all four Windows showninrFigiG maybe of glass, in which case they providedouble onstormwindowsfor Winter weather, while at the Sametime allowing all of the windows tobe vmoved to provide ventilation. v These and other changes inthedetailsfof'th construction of the present `invention *mayf'be ymadewithin the principlesheren set forthan'd 'in the `bottom of said`:hingedcasingythe *top pivot passing through f a shouldered -openingfinf the 'itop'of said hinged ycasing and "constituting a bearing for saidsash-frame, and Window sashes in said sash-frame.

2. A window comprising a window-frame adapted to be fixed in astructure, a casing tted in said frame and hinged thereto at one side,the top and bottom of said casing being split along a vertical planeadjacent the other side thereof, said other side being xed to saidwindow-frame, a sash-frame tted in said casing and having top and bottompivots in its vertical centerline, the bottom pivot inserted in a recessin the bottom of said hinged casing, the top pivot passing through ashouldered opening in the top of said hinged casing and constituting abearing for said sash-frame, the sides of said casing being curved on anarc having said centerline as a center, the sides of said sash-framebeing flat with beveled edges, and window sashes in said sash-frame.

3. A window comprising a Window-frame adapted to be xed in a structure,a casing tted in said frame and hinged thereto at one side. the top andbottom of said casing being split along a vertical plane adjacent theother side thereof, said other side being fixed to said window-frame, asash-frame tted in said casing and having top and bottom pivots in itsvertical centerline, the bottom pivot inserted in a recess in the bottomof said hinged casing, the top pivot passing through a shoulderedopening in the top of said hinged casing and constituting a bearing forsaid sash-frame, the sides of said casing being curved on an arc havingsaid center- -line as a center, the sides of said sash-frame being flatwith beveled edges, vertical weatherstripping along the edges of saidcasing sides adapted to contact with said beveled edges to form aWeatherproof joint, and window sashes in said sash-frame.

4. In a Window having a casing adapted to be fixed in a structure and asash-frame tted in said casing and having top and bottom pivots in itsvertical centerline, the bottom pivot inserted in a recess in the bottomof said casing, a shouldered opening in the top of said casing andconstituting a bearing for said sash-frame, said top pivot having a bossat its upper end, said boss bearing upon the shoulder of said opening,whereby said sash-frame is suspended from above, and window sashes insaid sash-frame.

5. In a window having a casing adapted to be fixed in a structure and asash-frame fitted in said casing and having top and bottom pivots in itsvertical centerline, the bottom pivot inserted in a recess in the bottomof said casing, a shouldered opening in the top of said casing andconstituting a bearing for said sash-frame, said top pivot having a bossat its upper end, said boss bearing upon the shoulder of said opening,whereby said sash-frame is suspended from above, vthe sides of saidcasing being curved on an arc having said centerline as a center, thesides of said sash-frame being ilat with beveled edges, and Windowsashes in said sash-frame.

6. In a Window having a casing adapted to be xed in a structure and asash-frame fitted in said casing and having top and bottom pivots in itsvertical centerline, the bottom pivot inserted in a recess in the bottomof said casing, a shouldered opening in the top of said casing andconstituting a bearing for said sash-frame, said top pivot having a bossat its upper end, said boss bearing upon the shoulder of said opening,whereby said sash-frame is suspended from above, the sides of saidcasing being curved on 8 an arc having said centerline as a center, thesides of said sash-frame being flat with beveled edges, verticalweather-stripping along the edges of said casing sides adapted tocontact with said beveled edges to form a weatherproof joint, and windowsashes in said sash-frame.

REGENALD H. SMITH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS y Number Name Date 509,704 Thiel Nov. 28, 1893456,136 Bullinger July 21, 1891 652,216 Moseley June 19, 1900 888,545Sperry May 26, 1908 1,346,663 McClair July 13, 1920 1,414,583 RothsteinMay 2, 1922 1,643,142 Whipps Sept. 20, 1927 2,104,144 Zand Jan. 4, 19382,117,391 Adams May 17, 1938 2,345,598 Hartsell et al Apr. 4, 1944FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 5,383 Great Britain 1903 1,013 GreatBritain 1905

